An easy acronym to improve the check-list: CALPE.

oncologic outcomes after abdominoperineal resection compared with restorative resection for low rectal cancer: patientand tumor-related or technical factors only. Dis Colon Rectum. 2012;55:51–8. 5. Den Dulk M, Marijnen CA, Putter H, Rutten HJ, Beets GL, Wiggers T, et al. Risk factors for adverse outcome in patients with rectal cancer treated with an abdominoperineal resection in the total mesorectal excision trial. Ann Surg. 2007;246:83–90. 6. Stelzner S, Koehler C, Stelzer J, Sims A, Witzigmann H. Extended abdominoperineal excision vs standard abdominoperineal excision in rectal cancer – a systematic overview. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2011;26:1227–40. 7. Holm T. Controversies in abdominoperineal excision. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2014;23:93–111. 8. Guillem JG, Chessin DB, Cohen AM, Shia J, Mazumdar M, Enker W, et al. Long-term oncologic outcome following preoperative combined modality therapy and total mesorectal excision of locally advanced rectal cancer. Ann Surg. 2005;241:829–36. discussion 836–38. 9. Ding P, Liska D, Tang P, Shia J, Saltz L, Goodman K, et al. Pulmonary recurrence predominates after combined modality therapy for rectal cancer: an original retrospective study. Ann Surg. 2012;256:111–6. 10. Arredondo J, Baixauli J, Beorlegui C, Arbea L, Rodrı́guez J, Sola JJ, et al. Prognosis factors for recurrence in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer preoperatively treated with chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. Dis Colon Rectum. 2013;56:416–21. 11. Fernández-Martos C, Pericay C, Aparicio J, Salud A, Safont M, Massuti B, et al. Phase II, randomized study of concomitant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery and adjuvant capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (CAPOX) compared with induction CAPOX followed by concomitant chemoradiotherapy and surgery in magnetic resonance imaging-defined, locally advanced rectal cancer: Grupo cancer de recto 3 study. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:859–65. 12. Chau I, Brown G, Cunningham D, Tait D, Wotherspoon A, Norman AR, et al. Neoadjuvant capecitabine and oxaliplatin followed by synchronous chemoradiation and total mesorectal excision in magnetic resonance imaging-defined poor-risk rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:668–74. 13. Schrag D, Weiser MR, Goodman KA, Gonen M, Hollywood E, Cercek A, et al. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy without routine use of radiation therapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: a pilot trial. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32:513–8. 14. Rahbari NN, Aigner M, Thorlund K, Mollberg N, Motschall E, Jensen K, et al. Meta-analysis shows that detection of circulating tumor cells indicates poor prognosis in patients with colorectal surgery. Gastroenterology. 2010;138:1714–26. 15. Balic M, Williams A, Lin H, Datar R, Cote RJ. Circulating tumor cells: from bench to bedside. Annu Rev Med. 2013;64:31–44. 16. Alix-Panabieres C, Schwarzenbach H, Pantel K. Circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA. Annu Rev Med. 2012;63:199–215.